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Computer Networks | November 2025

Understanding Network Protocols: A Comprehensive Guide to the ISO OSI Reference Model

Network protocols form the fundamental architecture enabling communication between computers across diverse systems and geographical boundaries. The International Organization for Standardization's Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model provides a hierarchical framework that has shaped modern networking, establishing seven distinct layers that work in concert to facilitate reliable data transmission from physical signals to application-level services.

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Software Design | 15 Nov 2025

What Makes Software Design Effective: Understanding Decision Making and Design Reasoning

Software design is a complex cognitive process where decision making plays a pivotal role, yet our understanding of how designers make decisions remains limited.

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Artificial Intelligence | 12 Nov 2025

The Role of GPUs in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have emerged as a cornerstone in the evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), revolutionizing computational efficiency and enabling breakthroughs in model development, training, and deployment through their ability to process parallel operations across thousands of cores.

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Cryptography & Security | 11 Nov 2025

Software Protection and Simulation on Oblivious RAMs

This seminal paper establishes the theoretical foundations for software protection through oblivious computation, introducing the concept of Oblivious RAM (ORAM) and demonstrating how to achieve polylogarithmic overhead in hiding memory access patterns during program execution.

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Neural Network Form Attention | 10 Nov 2025

The Neural Network as a Detailed Memory System

For all their revolutionary success, modern Neural Networks (NNs)—the engines behind everything from Siri and Alexa to sophisticated image and language generators—suffer from one major drawback: they are largely "black boxes".

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